Install apache Tomcat Server in Linux

Published: 28 January 2023
on channel: Cloudakshay | Cloud Devops

326

In this video We are going to install Apache Tomcat in a linux machine for our Devops Practice with Jenkins Tools

*Apache Tomcat* is an *open-source web server and servlet container* developed by the **Apache Software Foundation**. It’s primarily used to **deploy and run Java-based web applications**.

Here’s a breakdown to help you understand it clearly 👇

🧩 *What Apache Tomcat Does*

Tomcat provides a *runtime environment for Java Servlets, JSP (JavaServer Pages), and WebSocket* technologies.
It *receives HTTP requests* from clients (like web browsers), *processes them using Java code**, and **returns dynamic web content* (HTML, JSON, etc.) as a response.

⚙️ *Key Components*

1. *Catalina* – The core servlet container that executes servlets and manages their lifecycle.
2. *Coyote* – The HTTP connector that handles web requests and responses.
3. *Jasper* – The JSP engine that compiles JSP files into servlets.
4. *Cluster, Realm, and Valves* – Provide advanced features like session replication, security, and request filtering.

🌍 *Common Use Cases*

Hosting *Java web applications* (WAR files)
Developing and testing *Spring Boot**, **Java EE**, or **REST API* projects
Learning *Java web development* and *server management*
Integrating with *DevOps pipelines* for continuous deployment

🧠 *Why It’s Popular*

*Lightweight and easy to set up* compared to full Java EE servers (like JBoss or WebLogic)
*Free and open-source*
*Cross-platform* – runs on Linux, Windows, and macOS
Widely used in *production**, **testing**, and **learning* environments

✅ *In short:*
Apache Tomcat = A lightweight, open-source Java web server that powers Java-based web applications.

Perfect 👍 Let’s go step-by-step on *how to install Java JDK on Linux* and set up the *`JAVA_HOME`* environment variable — this works on most modern distributions like **Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS**, or **RHEL**.

☕ Step 1: Check if Java is already installed

Run:

```bash
java -version
```

If it shows something like `command not found`, then Java is not installed yet.
⚙️ Step 2: Install Java JDK
🐧 For *Ubuntu / Debian-based* systems:
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install default-jdk -y
```
🧱 For *CentOS / RHEL-based* systems:
```bash
sudo yum install java-17-openjdk-devel -y
```
(You can replace `java-17-openjdk-devel` with `java-11-openjdk-devel` or another version if needed.)

🔍 Step 3: Verify the installation

```bash
java -version
javac -version
```

You should see something like:

```
openjdk version "17.0.9" 2025-10-01
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.9+10)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.9+10, mixed mode)
```
🧩 Step 4: Find where Java is installed

Run:

```bash
sudo update-alternatives --config java
```

You’ll see a path like:

```
/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64/bin/java
```

Your *JAVA_HOME* is the directory above `/bin`.

So for example:

```
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
```

🧭 Step 5: Set the JAVA_HOME environment variable

For the *current session* only:

```bash
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
```

To make it **permanent**, add those lines to your shell config file:

For **bash**:

```bash
nano ~/.bashrc
```

For **zsh**:

```bash
nano ~/.zshrc
```

Then add:

```bash
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
```

After saving, reload the config:

```bash
source ~/.bashrc
```

---

✅ Step 6: Verify JAVA_HOME

```bash
echo $JAVA_HOME
```

It should display the correct path.

---

🎯 Done!

Now you have:

Java JDK installed
`JAVA_HOME` configured
System ready for tools like *Apache Tomcat**, **Jenkins**, **Maven**, or **Gradle*

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