In Python, two objects with same name can refer to different things, depending on where they are defined or referenced. Python programs have various namespaces—sections within which a particular name is unique and unrelated to the same name in other namespaces. Each function defines its own namespace.
If you define a variable called x in a main program and another variable called x in a function, they refer to different things. But the walls can be breached: if you need to, you can access names in other namespaces in various ways.
The main part of a program defines the global namespace; thus, the variables in that namespace are global variables.
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