21-ArrayListAndLinkedList
ArrayList
Underlying Data Structure: Resizable array.
Access Time: Fast O(1) for random access because elements are stored in contiguous memory locations.
Insertion Time: Inserting at the end is O(1) (amortized). Inserting in the middle or at the beginning is O(n) because elements may need to be shifted.
Deletion Time: Removing from the end is O(1). Removing from the middle or beginning is O(n) due to shifting elements.
Memory Usage: Less memory overhead compared to LinkedList because it doesn't store pointers to the next and previous elements.
LinkedList
Underlying Data Structure: Doubly-linked list.
Access Time: Slower O(n) for random access because elements are not stored in contiguous memory locations; traversal is required.
Insertion Time: Fast O(1) for inserting at the beginning or end. Inserting in the middle is O(n) because traversal is required.
Deletion Time: Fast O(1) for removing from the beginning or end. Removing from the middle is O(n) due to traversal.
Memory Usage: Higher memory overhead because each element stores pointers to the next and previous elements.
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