Nocturnal epilepsy
Nocturnal epilepsy is a seizure disorder in which seizures occur only while sleeping.[1] Several common forms of epilepsy, including frontal lobe epilepsy, can manifest in a nocturnal state.
Epilepsy can be nocturnal if the form of epilepsy triggers seizures only while one is asleep, or if one normally has seizures that occur at that time. In the latter example, if the subject stays awake at a time when he is normally sleeping, the subject may have the seizure while awake. Noting this, it is important for the subject to maintain a proper sleeping cycle. Diverting from proper sleep patterns can trigger more frequent epileptic symptoms in people who are diagnosed with nocturnal epilepsy and, as mentioned before, even while awake.
The condition may be difficult to diagnose. The subject may be unaware they have a seizure disorder.[3] To others, the involuntary movements made during sleep may appear no different from those typical of normal sleep.[4]People who have nocturnal seizures may notice unusual conditions upon awakening in the morning, such as a headache, having wet the bed, having bitten the tongue, a bone or joint injury, muscle strains or weakness, fatigue, or lightheadedness. Others may notice unusual mental behaviors consistent with the aftermath of a seizure.[5] Objects near the bed may have been knocked to the floor, or the subject may be surprised to find themselves on the floor.
There are many risks associated with nocturnal seizures including concussion, suffocation and sudden unexpected death(SUDEP). It is often also very difficult to know how long the seizure has been going.
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