Classes and Objects in Python | Python Tutorial
A class is a user-defined prototype from which objects are created. Classes provide a means of bundling(Wrapping) data and functionality together. Creating a new class creates a new type of object, allowing new instances of that type to be made. Each class instance can have attributes attached to it for maintaining its state. Class instances can also have methods (defined by its class) for modifying its state.
Python is an object-oriented language since its origin. Because of this, creating and using classes and objects are downright easy. Let’s discuss more about OOPs:
· Class − A user-defined prototype for an object that defines a set of attributes that characterize any object of the class. The attributes are data members (class variables and instance variables) and methods, accessed via dot notation.
· Class variable − A variable that is shared by all instances of a class. Class variables are defined within a class but outside any of the class's methods. Class variables are not used as frequently as instance variables are.
· Data member − A class variable or instance variable that holds data associated with a class and its objects.
· Function overloading − The assignment of more than one behavior to a particular function. The operation performed varies by the types of objects or arguments involved.
· Instance variable − A variable that is defined inside a method and belongs only to the current instance of a class.
· Inheritance − The transfer of the characteristics of a class to other classes that are derived from it.
· Instance − An individual object of a certain class. An object obj that belongs to a class Circle, for example, is an instance of the class Circle.
· Instantiation − The creation of an instance of a class.
· Method − A special kind of function that is defined in a class definition.
· Object − A unique instance of a data structure that's defined by its class. An object comprises both data members (class variables and instance variables) and methods.
· Operator overloading − The assignment of more than one function to a particular operator.
An Object is an instance of a Class. A class is like a blueprint while an instance is a copy of the class with actual values. It’s not an idea anymore, it’s an actual dog, like a dog of breed pug who’s seven years old. You can have many dogs to create many different instances, but without the class as a guide, you would be lost, not knowing what information is required.
Refer below URL for Watching Python Function:
• Python Function | Python Beginners Tutorial
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