Module 2.3 Control and Data Separation SDN Software defined network
Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN) is a network virtualization technology that attempts to ameliorate the scalability problems associated with large cloud computing deployments. It uses a VLAN-like encapsulation technique to encapsulate MAC-based OSI layer 2 Ethernet frames within layer 4 UDP packets.[1]
VXLAN is an evolution of efforts to standardize on an overlay encapsulation protocol. It increases scalability up to 16 million logical networks and allows for layer 2 adjacency across IP networks. Multicast or unicast with HER (Head-End Replication)[2] is used to flood BUM traffic (Broadcast, Unknown destination address, Multicast).
The VXLAN specification was originally created by VMware, Arista Networks and Cisco.[3][4] Other backers of the VXLAN technology include Broadcom, Citrix, Pica8, Cumulus Networks, Dell, Mellanox,[5] OpenBSD,[6] Red Hat[7] and Juniper Networks.
The VXLAN was officially documented by the IETF in RFC 7348.
Open vSwitch supports VXLAN overlay networks.
Software-defined networking (SDN) is an architecture purporting to be dynamic, manageable, cost-effective, and adaptable, seeking to be suitable for the high-bandwidth, dynamic nature of today's applications. SDN architectures decouple network control and forwarding functions, enabling network control to become directly programmable and the underlying infrastructure to be abstracted from applications and network services.[16]
The OpenFlow protocol is a foundational element for building SDN solutions. The SDN architecture is:
Directly programmable: Network control is directly programmable because it is decoupled from forwarding functions.
Agile: Abstracting control from forwarding lets administrators dynamically adjust network-wide traffic flow to meet changing needs.
Centrally managed: Network intelligence is (logically) centralized in software-based SDN controllers that maintain a global view of the network, which appears to applications and policy engines as a single, logical switch.
Programmatically configured: SDN lets network managers configure, manage, secure, and optimize network resources very quickly via dynamic, automated SDN programs, which they can write themselves because the programs do not depend on proprietary software.
Open standards-based and vendor-neutral: When implemented through open standards, SDN simplifies network design and operation because instructions are provided by SDN controllers instead of multiple, vendor-specific devices and protocols.
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