JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a text format for storing and transmitting data. It's like a "language" understood by both humans and computers. Imagine you want to send a friend user information: name, age, email. In JSON, it would look like this:
{
"name": "Anna",
"age": 25,
"email": "anna@example.com",
"hobbies": ["drawing", "guitar"]
}
How is JSON structured?
— Data is stored in key:value pairs (e.g., "name": "Anna").
— Keys are always in quotation marks, values can be a string, a number, true/false, an array (in square brackets []), or another object (in curly braces {}).
— All together, they're called a JSON object.
What is JSON used for?
— Data transmission. For example, when you fill out a form on a website, the data is often sent to the server in JSON format.
— Storing settings. Many programs save configurations in JSON files.
— Exchanging data between applications. For example, a weather app receives data from the server in JSON format and displays it to you.
Why is JSON so popular?
— Simplicity. It's easy to read, even for a beginner.
— Versatility. JSON is supported by almost all programming languages (not just JavaScript!).
— Compactness. It has fewer unnecessary characters than XML (another data format).
JSON in JavaScript
JS has two methods for working with JSON:
1. JSON.stringify() — converts a JS object to a JSON string
const user = { name: "Anna", age: 25 };
const jsonUser = JSON.stringify(user); // '{"name":"Anna","age":25}'
2. JSON.parse() — converts a JSON string back to a JS object
const parsedUser = JSON.parse(jsonUser); // { name: "Anna", age: 25 }
Important! JSON is not code, but data. You cannot write functions or comments in it, only structured information.
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