5. Population Genetics Random Genetic Drift (Theory)
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In the previous lectures, we considered what happens to allele and genotype frequencies in a large random-mating population with no selection, mutation, or migration. We saw that after the population reaches Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the allele frequencies remain unaltered from one generation to the next and the genotype frequencies are functions of allele frequencies. In other words, we developed a null model for the behavior of genes in the idealized populations.
Now, it is time to explore how allele and genotype frequencies behave in real populations. For the next remaining lectures, I want to explain how populations evolve when the assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg law are violated.
Formerly, we assumed a large population. However, in reality, populations are not large. In this video, I want to consider what will happen across generations to the genetic constitution of populations when this assumption is violated.
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