Multi level inheritance in python learn coding
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multi-level inheritance in python
what is inheritance?
inheritance is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming (oop) that allows a class (known as a child or derived class) to inherit attributes and methods from another class (known as a parent or base class). this promotes code reusability and establishes a hierarchical relationship between classes.
multi-level inheritance
multi-level inheritance occurs when a class is derived from another derived class. this means that there are multiple levels in the inheritance hierarchy. for example, if class `a` is the base class, `b` is derived from `a`, and `c` is derived from `b`, then we have a multi-level inheritance structure.
example of multi-level inheritance
let’s illustrate multi-level inheritance with an example involving animals. we will create an `animal` class, a `mammal` class that inherits from `animal`, and a `dog` class that inherits from `mammal`.
explanation of the code
1. **base class (`animal`)**:
the `animal` class has an `__init__` method that initializes the name of the animal and a method `eat()` that prints a message when the animal eats.
2. **derived class (`mammal`)**:
the `mammal` class inherits from `animal`. it has its own `__init__` method that initializes its specific attributes (`fur_color`) and calls the parent constructor using `super()`.
the `walk()` method is specific to the `mammal` class.
3. **another derived class (`dog`)**:
the `dog` class inherits from `mammal`. it further extends the `__init__` method to include `breed` and also calls the constructor of `mammal`.
the `bark()` method is specific to the `dog` class.
4. **creating objects**:
we create instances of `animal`, `mammal`, and `dog` and call their respective methods to demonstrate how multi-level inheritance works.
output
when you run the above code, the output will be:
benefits of multi-level inheritance
**code reusability**: met ...
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