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All HTML documents must start with a document type declaration DOCTYPE html
The HTML document itself begins with html and end with end html tag.
The visible part of the HTML document is between body
The !DOCTYPE declaration represents the document type, and helps browsers to display web pages correctly.
It must only appear once, at the top of the page (before any HTML tags).
The !DOCTYPE declaration is not case sensitive.
HTML Headings
HTML headings are defined with the h1 to h6 tags.
h1 defines the most important heading. h6 defines the least important heading:
HTML Paragraphs
HTML paragraphs are defined with the p tag.
HTML links are defined a tag.
The link's destination is specified in the href attribute.
Attributes are used to provide additional information about HTML elements.
You will learn more about attributes in a later chapter.
HTML images are defined with the img tag.
The source file (src), alternative text (alt), width, and height are provided as attributes:
How to View HTML Source?
Have you ever seen a Web page and wondered "Hey! How did they do that?"
View HTML Source Code:
Right-click in an HTML page and select "View Page Source" (in Chrome) or "View Source" (in Edge), or similar in other browsers. This will open a window containing the HTML source code of the page.
Inspect an HTML Element:
Right-click on an element (or a blank area), and choose "Inspect" or "Inspect Element" to see what elements are made up of (you will see both the HTML and the CSS). You can also edit the HTML or CSS on-the-fly in the Elements or Styles panel that opens.
An HTML element is defined by a start tag, some content, and an end tag.
HTML Elements
The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag.
Some HTML elements have no content like the br element. These elements are called empty elements. Empty elements do not have an end tag.
Nested HTML Elements
HTML elements can be nested this means that elements can contain other elements.
All HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements.
The following example contains four HTML elements html, body, h1 and p
The html element is the root element and it defines the whole HTML document.
It has a start tag html and an end tag html.
Then, inside the html element there is a body element:
The body element defines the document's body.
It has a start tag body and an end tag body.
Then, inside the body element there are two other elements: h1 and p
HTML attributes provide additional information about HTML elements.
HTML Attributes
All HTML elements can have attributes
Attributes provide additional information about elements
Attributes are always specified in the start tag
Attributes usually come in name value pairs like
The HTML style attribute is used to add styles to an element, such as color, font, size, and more.
HTML contains several elements for defining text with a special meaning.
Example
This text is bold
This text is italic
This is subscript and superscript
HTML comments are not displayed in the browser, but they can help document your HTML source code.
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