Superintelligence: Speed Superintelligence
Last time, we talked about the concept of Superintelligence as proposed by philosopher Nick Bostrom at the University of Oxford. As mentioned in the previous video, he uses the term “superintelligence” to refer to intellects that greatly outperform the best current human minds across many very general cognitive domains. Now, this definition can be quite vague since many machines and animals already perform at superhuman levels in narrow domains. For example, calculators can easily outperform any human in arithmetic, while bats outshine us in interpreting sonar signals and so on. But although specialized information processing systems will continue to grow and expand, only with the prospect of machine intellects that have enough general intelligence to substitute for humans could have profound implications for humanity. So, for Bostrom, it is important to separate the notion of superintelligence by distinguishing different bundles of intellectual super-capabilities. He decomposes the term superintelligence into three different forms: speed superintelligence, collective superintelligence, and quality superintelligence. Today, we will be taking a look at what Bostrom means by speed superintelligence and some of its defining characteristics!
A speed superintelligence according to Bostrom is an intellect that is just like a human mind but faster. This is the easiest form of superintelligence to understand conceptually. So, he formally defines Speed superintelligence as “a system that can do all that a human intellect can do, but much faster.” Meaning, this system can be multiple orders of magnitude faster than the regular human mind. Now, the human brain’s processing power is difficult to determine precisely, but common estimates range from 1014 instructions per second (IPS) up to 1017 IPS or more. So, speed superintelligence operating on a whole-brain emulation running on fast hardware, operating at a speed of ten thousand times that of a biological brain would be far superior to any human that has ever lived. For example, it would be able to read an entire book in just a few seconds and write a Ph.D. thesis in an afternoon. Now, imagine a speedup factor of a million. A brain emulation with that much processing speed could accomplish an entire millennium of intellectual work in just one working day!
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