sql server convert string to datetime
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SQL Server: Converting Strings to Datetime - A Comprehensive Guide
SQL Server's ability to convert strings to datetime values is crucial for handling data from various sources, performing date-based calculations, and ensuring data integrity. This tutorial provides a deep dive into how to perform string-to-datetime conversions in SQL Server, covering various formats, styles, potential pitfalls, and best practices.
*1. Understanding the Core Concepts*
Before diving into the specifics, let's clarify some fundamental concepts:
*`DATETIME`, `DATE`, `DATETIMEOFFSET`, `SMALLDATETIME`:* These are SQL Server's built-in data types for storing date and time information.
*`DATETIME`:* Stores both date and time values with a precision of approximately 3.33 milliseconds. The date range is from January 1, 1753, through December 31, 9999.
*`DATE`:* Stores only the date portion (year, month, day). The date range is from January 1, 0001, through December 31, 9999.
*`DATETIMEOFFSET`:* Similar to `DATETIME2`, but includes a time zone offset. This is useful for storing and representing dates and times across different time zones.
*`SMALLDATETIME`:* Stores both date and time with a precision of one minute. The date range is from January 1, 1900, through June 6, 2079.
*`DATETIME2`:* Introduced in SQL Server 2008, `DATETIME2` provides greater precision (up to 100 nanoseconds) and a wider date range (January 1, 0001, through December 31, 9999). It's generally preferred over `DATETIME` due to its improved accuracy. You can specify the precision with `DATETIME2(n)`, where `n` is the scale (number of fractional seconds digits) and ranges from 0 to 7.
*Implicit Conversion:* SQL Server sometimes implicitly converts strings to datetime values automatically. This happens when the string format closely matches a recognized datetime format. However, relying on implicit conversion is generally discouraged because:
*Ambiguity:* ...
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