912 Sort an Array Merge Sort
912 Sort an Array. This Java code sorts an array in O(n log n) time complexity without using built-in functions, you can implement a sorting algorithm like Merge Sort or Quick Sort. QuickSort TLE on one of the test cases so Merge Sort is required for this problem.
Explanation:
1. sortArray Method:
Checks if the input array is null or has only one element, in which case it returns the array as it is already sorted.
Calls the mergeSort method to sort the array.
2. mergeSort Method:
Recursively divides the array into two halves until the base case (single element) is reached.
Calls itself for the left and right halves.
Merges the two sorted halves using the merge method.
3. merge Method:
Merges two sorted subarrays into a single sorted array.
Uses temporary arrays to hold the elements of the left and right subarrays.
Merges the elements back into the original array in sorted order.
This implementation ensures that the array is sorted in O(n log n) time complexity with O(n) space complexity due to the temporary arrays used during the merge process.
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