Task 01
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SWITCHES found on home Networks, or very small Networks tend to be very simple devices which once plugged in begin forwarding FRAMES according to MAC ADDRESSES without any configuration needed. This type of SWITCH is referred to an ‘UN-MANAGED SWITCH’.
ENTERPRISE-LEVEL SWITCHES are much more complex devices which offer a broad range of configuration, maintenance and troubleshooting features. This type of SWITCH is referred to as a ‘MANAGED SWITCH’.
CISCO CATALYST SWITCHES are a family of managed, ENTERPRISE LEVEL SWITCHES and this section is designed to provide an introduction to the features and operating system of these products.
IOS
CISCO SWITCHES and ROUTERS run a CLI based OS called IOS (INTERNETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM). Although the IOS COMMANDS will vary depending on the function of the device in question, the basics of the OS remain the same and so a fundamental knowledge of using CISCO IOS is a very useful skill for any Network technician.
IOS also provides the foundation for many of CISCO’s Network certifications.
We will also introduce PACKET TRACER, which is a free Network simulator provided by CISCO which allows you to build and test some advanced Networks in a virtual environment.
CONNECTING TO A CATALYST SWITCH
There are 3 popular methods of accessing the IOS on a CLI. These are
• Console – This is a direct SERIAL connection to the device, which does not require the Network to be functioning. This is particularly useful for the initial setup.
• Telnet – CLI access via Telnet. This requires an IP ADDRESS to be assigned to the device and so does require the Network to be functioning. Useful for maintenance.
• SSH – CLI access via SSH. Again requires an IP ADDRESS and a functioning Network. As SSH solves security issues associated with Telnet this would be a preferred method of remote administration.
THE CONSOLE CABLE
As we are about to setup the SWITCH for the first time we will assume that we are connecting via a CONSOLE CABLE, this is also commonly referred to as a ‘ROLL-OVER CABLE’, fig 01.
Traditionally this connection was connected to the device using the CONSOLE PORT using an RJ-45 connection. The other end then connected to the 9-PIN SERIAL PORT of the PC.
As many modern computers do not provide a SERIAL PORT it is common to see a USB adapter in use, or a cable wired directly to USB fig 02.
To access the CONSOLE you would then connect using a terminal access application such as Hyperlink (older versions of WINDOWS) or PUTTY
Here is a VIDEO to show the process • CCNA - Using Hyperterminal to Connect to a...
PACKET TRACER
Although second hand CISCO equipment can be purchased quite cheaply and you can setup your own home lab, CISCO themselves provide an ADVANCED NETWORK SIMULATION PACKAGED called PACKET TRACER.
This is useful for those who are currently at the training stage and also to experienced professionals who are able to simulate and test advanced Network configurations spanning multiple cities all from within a simulated environment.
Using this software also save money and space as labs become more advanced and demand more equipment. If you are interested in finding your own physical equipment, your tutor can help but it is suggested you complete this initial stage with the PACKET TRACER software.
GETTING PACKET TRACER
To download and use PACKET TRACER you must first create a free account with the CISCO LEARNING ACADEMY. This also includes a free introductory course to the software. It is recommended you take this course, though it is not essential to continue with the TASKS which follow.
You can sign up here https://www.netacad.com/campaign/ptdt-1/
An email will be sent to your inbox, just follow the instructions that will guide you through the installation process. After the installation is complete an ICON will be placed on the DESKTOP. Once you click on this you will need to LOG IN again to your account.
IOS COMMAND INTRODUCTION.
In this PACKET TRACER lab, we are going to be introduced to some basic IOS features and COMMANDS.
The first device we shall be using is called a CISCO 2960 switch
We can see here the screen is split into toolbars, the first of these can be found in the left-hand corner and this is where we can find
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