In Java, a `while` loop is used to repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a specified condition is true. The general syntax of a `while` loop in Java is as follows:
```java
while (condition) {
// code to be executed
// if the condition is true
}
```
Here's a breakdown of how a `while` loop works:
1. The `condition` is evaluated. If the condition is `true`, the code block inside the loop is executed. If the condition is `false`, the loop is skipped, and the program continues with the next statement after the loop.
2. After executing the code block, the program goes back to the beginning of the loop and evaluates the condition again. If the condition is still `true`, the code block is executed again. This process repeats until the condition becomes `false`.
It's important to ensure that the condition inside the `while` loop eventually becomes `false` to avoid an infinite loop. If the condition is always `true` and there is no mechanism to change it within the loop, the loop will continue indefinitely, causing the program to hang.
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