Leetcode : plus one | Array manipulation 🚀 | Python
Welcome to another LeetCode coding interview preparation video! In this tutorial, we’ll dive deep into LeetCode 66: Plus One, a commonly asked array manipulation problem in technical interviews. We’ll break down the problem, discuss multiple approaches, and analyze its time and space complexity.
🔷 Problem Statement:
You are given a non-empty array of digits representing a non-negative integer. The most significant digit is at the head of the list, and each element in the array contains a single digit (0-9).
Your task is to add one to the integer and return the resulting number in the form of an array. The challenge is to correctly handle carry propagation, especially in cases where digits are `9`, leading to an increase in the number of digits.
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📝 Example Walkthrough:
✅ Example 1:
```
Input: digits = [1,2,3]
Output: [1,2,4]
Explanation: 123 + 1 = 124
```
✅ Example 2 (Handling Carry Over):
```
Input: digits = [9,9,9]
Output: [1,0,0,0]
Explanation: 999 + 1 = 1000
```
✅ Example 3:
```
Input: digits = [4,3,2,1]
Output: [4,3,2,2]
```
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🎯 Key Challenges & Edge Cases:
✔️ Handling single-digit increments
✔️ Managing carry-over when digits are `9`
✔️ What happens when all digits are 9?
✔️ Efficient traversal from the last digit to the first
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🛠 Approach & Solution Explanation:
✅ Approach: Iterative (Simple Traversal)
Start iterating from the last digit in the array.
If the digit is less than 9, simply increment it by 1 and return the array.
If the digit is 9, change it to 0 and continue moving left.
If all digits are `9`, prepend a `1` at the start (e.g., `[9,9,9] → [1,0,0,0]`).
⏳ Time Complexity: O(n) – We iterate over the array once.
📌 Space Complexity: O(1) – We modify the array in place (except in edge cases).
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📌 Why is this Problem Important?
✔️ Common in technical interviews
✔️ Tests array manipulation skills
✔️ Covers carry propagation (used in binary addition, number systems, etc.)
✔️ Introduces edge-case handling
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💬 What LeetCode problem should I cover next? Let me know in the comments!
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