PHP Variable Scope - PHP Tutorial 61
PHP Variable Scope - PHP Tutorial 61
Scope indicates the accessibility and visibility of variables.
variables in PHP will be either in local scope or global scope.
Local scope:
Any variable declared inside a function is considered as in local scope or function scope
can be accessible only inside that function where it is declared
Note: Local scope variables will be available only in the function execution (i.e. are created as soon as the control enters the function body and deleted as soon as the control exits the function body)
Example:
function display()
{
$b=20;
echo "b= ", $b,"<br/>"; // 20
}
display();
echo "b= ", $b,"<br/>"; // error: b is not defined
Global scope:
Any variable declared outside a function is considered as in global scope
can be accessible anywhere in the script
Note: Global scope variables will be available throughout the script execution
if you want to access a global scope variable inside a local scope you must use global keyword
Example 1:
$a=10;
echo "a= ", $a, "<br/>"; // 10
function display()
{
//echo "a= ", $a,"<br/>"; // undefined error
global $a;
echo "a= ", $a,"<br/>"; // 10
}
display();
Example 2:
$a=10;
echo "a= ", $a, "<br/>"; // 10
$b = 20;
function display()
{
//echo "a= ", $a,"<br/>"; // undefined error
global $a;
echo "a= ", $a,"<br/>"; // 10
$b =30;
echo "b=", $b,"<br/>"; // 30
}
display();
echo "b=", $b,"<br/>"; // 20
Note:
replace < with less-than symbol.
replace > with greater-than symbol.
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• PHP String Functions - PHP Tutorial 62
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